liàng cí
量词de
的xíng zhuàng
形状mì mǎ
密码The Shape Codes of Measure Words
liú刘lǎo shī老师 ,wǒ我zài在xiě写zuò yè作业shí时fā xiàn发现yí gè一个wèn tí问题 。wèi shén me为什么zhōng wén中文shuō说 'yī tiáo一条yú鱼 ' 、 'yī zhāng一张zhǐ纸 ' ,bù néng不能zhí jiē直接shuō说 'yī一yú鱼 ' 、 'yī一zhǐ纸 'ne呢 ?
Teacher Liu, I noticed a problem when doing my homework. Why does Chinese say '一条鱼' or '一张纸' instead of just '一鱼' or '一纸'?
zhè这jiù shì就是zhōng wén中文de的liàng cí量词xì tǒng系统 !tā它ràng让wǒ men我们de的biǎo dá表达gèng更jīng què精确 、gèng更xíng xiàng形象 。bǐ rú比如 'tiáo条 'yòng yú用于zhǎng长tiáo xíng条形de的dōng xī东西 ,yú鱼shì是zhǎng长tiáo xíng条形de的 ,suǒ yǐ所以shuō说 'yī一tiáo条yú鱼 ' 。
That’s the Chinese measure word system! It makes our expressions more precise and vivid. For example, '条' is used for long, narrow things. A fish is long, so we say '一条鱼'.
ó哦 ,wǒ我míng bái明白le了 !nà那 'zhāng张 'shì bú shì是不是yòng yú用于píng平de的dōng xī东西 ?zhǐ纸shì是píng平de的 ,suǒ yǐ所以shuō说 'yī zhāng一张zhǐ纸 ' ?
Oh, I see! So '张' is for flat things? Paper is flat, so we say '一张纸'?
wán quán完全zhèng què正确 !nǐ你hěn很cōng míng聪明 。 'zhāng张 'què shí确实yòng yú用于biǎn píng扁平de的dōng xī东西 ,bǐ rú比如 'yī zhāng一张zhuō zi桌子 ' 、 'yī zhāng一张chuáng床 ' 、 'yī zhāng一张zhào piān照片 ' 。liàng cí量词qí shí其实shì是gēn jù根据wù tǐ物体de的xíng zhuàng形状tè zhēng特征lái来xuǎn zé选择de的 。
Exactly! You’re very smart. '张' is indeed used for flat objects, like '一张桌子', '一张床', or '一张照片'. Measure words are chosen according to an object’s shape and features.
tài太yǒu yì si有意思le了 !nà那 'bǎ把 'ne呢 ?wǒ我tīng shuō听说 'yī bǎ一把yǐ zi椅子 ' 、 'yī bǎ一把sǎn伞 ' 。
That’s so interesting! What about '把'? I’ve heard '一把椅子' and '一把伞'.
'bǎ把 'yòng yú用于kě yǐ可以zhuā抓wò握de的dōng xī东西 。yǐ zi椅子yǒu有fú shǒu扶手kě yǐ可以zhuā抓 ,sǎn伞yǒu有bǎ shǒu把手 ,suǒ yǐ所以yòng用 'bǎ把 ' 。hái yǒu还有gè个yǒu qù有趣de的yòng fǎ用法 , 'yī bǎ nián jì一把年纪 'biǎo shì表示nián jì年纪hěn很dà大le了 。
'把' is used for things you can grasp. A chair has arms you can hold, and an umbrella has a handle, so we use '把'. There’s also a fun usage: '一把年纪', meaning someone is already quite old.
wa哇 ,lián连nián jì年纪yě也néng能yòng用 'bǎ把 ' !zhōng wén中文zhēn shì真是chōng mǎn充满zhì huì智慧 。wǒ我xiǎng想zhè xiē这些liàng cí量词yí dìng一定fǎn yìng反映le了zhōng guó中国rén人guān chá观察shì jiè世界de的fāng shì方式 。
Wow, even age can use '把'! Chinese is really full of wisdom. I guess measure words reflect how Chinese people observe the world.
nǐ你de的lǐ jiě理解hěn很shēn kè深刻 !liàng cí量词què shí确实tǐ xiàn体现le了zhōng huá中华wén huà文化duì对shì wù事物fēn lèi分类de的dú tè独特sī wéi思维 。zhǎng wò掌握liàng cí量词 ,nǐ你jiù就zhǎng wò掌握le了zhōng wén中文biǎo dá表达de的jīng suǐ精髓 。
Your understanding is very deep! Measure words indeed embody the unique way Chinese culture classifies things. Mastering them means mastering the essence of Chinese expression.